Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 2
Lion proposed that they should hunt together, on condition that if a small antelope was killed it was to be Little Jackal’s, and if a large one was killed it was to be Lion’s.
Who acts: Lion, they, condition, antelope · What happens: propose, hunt, kill, be · To what, where: small antelope, large one
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion, they, condition, antelope), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 proposed | nsubj |
| 2 | proposed | propose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 hunt | mark |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 hunt | nsubj |
| 5 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 hunt | aux |
| 6 | hunt | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 proposed | ccomp |
| 7 | together | together | ADV | _ | 6 hunt | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 condition | punct |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 condition | case |
| 10 | condition | condition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 Jackal | nsubj |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 killed | mark |
| 12 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 17 killed | mark |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 antelope | det |
| 14 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 antelope | amod |
| 15 | antelope | antelope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 killed | aux:pass |
| 17 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 condition | acl:relcl |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 killed | obj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 Jackal | cop |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 Jackal | mark |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 Jackal | cop |
| 22 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 Jackal | amod |
| 23 | Jackal | Jackal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 hunt | obl |
| 24 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 23 Jackal | case |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 killed | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 killed | cc |
| 27 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 32 killed | mark |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 one | det |
| 29 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 one | amod |
| 30 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 killed | aux:pass |
| 32 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 proposed | conj |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 Lion | nsubj |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 Lion | cop |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 Lion | mark |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 Lion | cop |
| 37 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 killed | obl |
| 38 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 37 Lion | case |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 proposed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | propose | past | Lion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | hunt | should | they | together property | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | kill a condition, not said to happen | past · passive | condition not said here | a small antelope | condition obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer it=Result | |||
| 4 | is | past | condition | 's Little Jackal | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | kill a condition, not said to happen | past · passive | a large one | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 6 | is | past | antelope | 's Lion | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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