Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 22
He ran into a hole under a tree, but Lion caught his tail before he got far in.
Who acts: Lion · What happens: run, catch, get · To what, where: hole, tail
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 ran | nsubj |
| 2 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 5 hole | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 hole | det |
| 5 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | obl |
| 6 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 tree | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 tree | det |
| 8 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 caught | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 caught | cc |
| 11 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 caught | nsubj |
| 12 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 tail | nmod:poss |
| 14 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 caught | obj |
| 15 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 17 got | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 got | nsubj |
| 17 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 caught | advcl |
| 18 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 in | advmod |
| 19 | in | in | ADV | _ | 17 got | advmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | Lion | into a hole result; under a tree | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into hole=Result | ||||
| 2 | catch | past | Lion | Lion's tail | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme | ||||
| 3 | get | past | Lion | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/25/22/