Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 24
If you do not believe me, take a stone and strike it, and see if any blood comes.”
Who acts: you, blood · What happens: not believe, take, strike, see, come · To what, where: me, stone
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 believe | mark |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 believe | nsubj |
| 3 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 believe | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 believe | advmod |
| 5 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 believe | iobj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 take | punct |
| 8 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 believe | conj |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 stone | det |
| 10 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 take | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 strike | cc |
| 12 | strike | strike | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 take | conj |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 strike | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 see | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 see | cc |
| 16 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 take | conj |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 20 comes | mark |
| 18 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 blood | det |
| 19 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 comes | nsubj |
| 20 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 see | ccomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 believe | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 believe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not believe | present · do-support | you | me | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | take | infinitive | you not said here | a stone | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme | ||||
| 3 | strike | infinitive | you not said here | stone | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 4 | see | infinitive | you not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | come a condition, not said to happen | present | any blood | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/25/24/