Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 31
To make sure, he said: “Ho, I see you, my master, although you are in hiding.”
Who acts: Little, you · What happens: make, say, see, hide · To what, where: you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 make | mark |
| 2 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 said | advcl |
| 3 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 make | xcomp |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 make | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 said | nsubj |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 Ho | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 Ho | punct |
| 9 | Ho | Ho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 said | ccomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 see | punct |
| 11 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 see | nsubj |
| 12 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 Ho | conj |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 see | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 master | punct |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 master | nmod:poss |
| 16 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Ho | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 hiding | punct |
| 18 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 22 hiding | mark |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 hiding | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 hiding | aux |
| 21 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 22 hiding | mark |
| 22 | hiding | hide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 said | advcl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 hiding | punct |
| 24 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 hiding | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | to-infinitive | Little not said here | sure property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Little | Ho and my master ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | see in a quote | present | Little | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | hide in a quote | present · progressive | you | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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