Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 68
Little Jackal looked down and said: “Who are you, and what is your name, and whose son are you, and where are you from, and where are you going to, and whom do you want, and what do you want him for?”
Who acts: Little Jackal, you · What happens: look down, say, be, go, want · To what, where: you, name, Jackal · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little Jackal, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Jackal | amod |
| 2 | Jackal | Jackal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 looked | nsubj |
| 3 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADV | _ | 3 looked | advmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 said | cc |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 looked | conj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 you | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 you | punct |
| 9 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 you | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 you | cop |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 said | ccomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 name | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 name | cc |
| 14 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 17 name | nsubj |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 name | cop |
| 16 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 name | nmod:poss |
| 17 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 looked | parataxis |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 son | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 son | cc |
| 20 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 21 son | nmod:poss |
| 21 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 name | vocative |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 you | cop |
| 23 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 name | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 where | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 where | cc |
| 26 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 3 looked | conj |
| 27 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 where | cop |
| 28 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 where | nsubj |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 where | case |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 going | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 going | cc |
| 32 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 35 going | advmod |
| 33 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 going | aux |
| 34 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 35 going | nsubj |
| 35 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 looked | conj |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 going | fixed |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 want | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 want | cc |
| 39 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 want | obj |
| 40 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 want | aux |
| 41 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 42 want | nsubj |
| 42 | want | want | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 looked | parataxis |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 want | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 want | cc |
| 45 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 48 want | obj |
| 46 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 want | aux |
| 47 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 48 want | nsubj |
| 48 | want | want | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 want | conj |
| 49 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 want | obj |
| 50 | for | for | ADP | _ | 48 want | obl |
| 51 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 42 want | punct |
| 52 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 42 want | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look down | past | Little Jackal | down property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | Little Jackal not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | you | Who nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | your name | your name's son vocative; what nsubj; your nmod:poss | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | you | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | you | where property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | go in a quote | present · progressive | you | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | want in a quote | present · do-support | you | whom obj | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot whom=Theme | ||||
| 9 | want in a quote | present · do-support | you | Jackal | what obj | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme he=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/25/68/