Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 71
Little Jackal let down a rope made of mouse skins, and when Lion climbed a little way up, the rope broke, and he fell and was hurt.
Who acts: Little Jackal, Lion, rope · What happens: let down, make, climb, break, fall, hurt · To what, where: rope, little way
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little Jackal, Lion, rope), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Jackal | amod |
| 2 | Jackal | Jackal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 let | nsubj |
| 3 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADP | _ | 3 let | compound:prt |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 rope | det |
| 6 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 let | obj |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 rope | acl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 skins | case |
| 9 | mouse | mouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 skins | compound |
| 10 | skins | skin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 made | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 climbed | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 climbed | cc |
| 13 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 climbed | advmod |
| 14 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 climbed | nsubj |
| 15 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 let | parataxis |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 way | det |
| 17 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 way | amod |
| 18 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 climbed | obj |
| 19 | up | up | ADV | _ | 15 climbed | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 broke | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 rope | det |
| 22 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 broke | nsubj |
| 23 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 climbed | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 fell | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 fell | cc |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 fell | nsubj |
| 27 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 let | parataxis |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 hurt | cc |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 hurt | aux:pass |
| 30 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 fell | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 let | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let down | past | Little Jackal | a rope | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | participle | a rope not said here | of mouse skins | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 3 | climb | past | Lion | a little way | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location way=Theme | ||||
| 4 | break | past | the rope | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | fall | past | rope | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | hurt | past · passive | rope not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/25/71/