Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Lion and Little Jackal., sentence 9
He said: “Lion takes me for a fool if he thinks I will call his children while my own are dying with hunger.”
Who acts: Lion · What happens: say, take, think, call, die · To what, where: Lion, children, own · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Lion and Little Jackal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 takes | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 takes | punct |
| 5 | Lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 takes | nsubj |
| 6 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 said | ccomp |
| 7 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 takes | obj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 fool | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 fool | det |
| 10 | fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 takes | obl |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 13 thinks | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 thinks | nsubj |
| 13 | thinks | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 takes | advcl |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 call | nsubj |
| 15 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 call | aux |
| 16 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 thinks | ccomp |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 children | nmod:poss |
| 18 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 call | obj |
| 19 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 23 dying | mark |
| 20 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 own | nmod:poss |
| 21 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 dying | obl |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 dying | aux |
| 23 | dying | die | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 call | advcl |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 hunger | case |
| 25 | hunger | hunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 dying | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 takes | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 takes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Lion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | take in a quote | present | Lion | Lion | for a fool | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent i=Theme for fool=Beneficiary | |||
| 3 | think speech: other a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | Lion | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | call in a quote | future | Lion | Lion's children | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent child=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | die in a quote | present · progressive | Lion not said here | my own | with hunger | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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