Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 135
This proverb is used to incite any one to the performance of noble deeds.
What happens: use, incite, perform · To what, where: proverb, one, noble deeds
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 proverb | det |
| 2 | proverb | proverb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 used | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 used | aux:pass |
| 4 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 incite | mark |
| 6 | incite | incite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 used | xcomp |
| 7 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 one | det |
| 8 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 incite | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 performance | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 performance | det |
| 11 | performance | performance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 incite | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 deeds | case |
| 13 | noble | noble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 deeds | amod |
| 14 | deeds | deed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 performance | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present · passive | this proverb | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | incite | to-infinitive | any one | to the performance of noble deeds | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition one=Patient | ||||
| 3 | perform | noble deeds | nom performance «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/135/