Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 151
A saying applied to one whose ambitious aspirations are not likely to be realized.
Who acts: saying · What happens: apply, not be, realize · To what, where: saying, one
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (saying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 saying | det |
| 2 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 likely | nsubj |
| 3 | applied | apply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 saying | acl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 one | case |
| 5 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 applied | obl |
| 6 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 8 aspirations | nmod:poss |
| 7 | ambitious | ambitious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 aspirations | amod |
| 8 | aspirations | aspiration | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 one | nmod |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 likely | cop |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 likely | advmod |
| 11 | likely | likely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 realized | mark |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 realized | aux:pass |
| 14 | realized | realize | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 likely | xcomp |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 likely | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | apply | participle | a saying not said here | one ambitious aspirations | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not is | present | a saying | likely property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | realize | to-infinitive · passive | a saying not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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