Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 153
They prevent us from getting red clay from the pit, and they do not use it.
Who acts: mist · What happens: prevent, get, not use · To what, where: us, red clay, pit, clay
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 prevent | nsubj |
| 2 | prevent | prevent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 prevent | obj |
| 4 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 5 getting | mark |
| 5 | getting | get | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 prevent | advcl |
| 6 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 clay | amod |
| 7 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 getting | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 pit | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 pit | det |
| 10 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 getting | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 use | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 use | cc |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 use | nsubj |
| 14 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 use | aux |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 use | advmod |
| 16 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 prevent | parataxis |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 use | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 prevent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prevent | present | mist | us | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer we=Theme | ||||
| 2 | get | gerund | mist not said here | red clay | the pit | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent clay=Theme from pit=Source | |||
| 3 | not use | present · do-support | mist | clay | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/153/