Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 190
This saying is applied as a warning not to give anything to an importunate person, as he would very likely be encouraged thereby to continue asking for more.
What happens: apply, not give, encourage, continue, ask · To what, where: saying, anything, importunate person
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 saying | det |
| 2 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 applied | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 applied | aux:pass |
| 4 | applied | apply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 warning | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 warning | det |
| 7 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 applied | obl |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 give | advmod |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 give | mark |
| 10 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 applied | advcl |
| 11 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 give | obj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 person | case |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 person | det |
| 14 | importunate | importunate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 person | amod |
| 15 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 give | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 encouraged | punct |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 encouraged | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 encouraged | nsubj |
| 19 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 encouraged | aux |
| 20 | very | very | ADV | _ | 21 likely | advmod |
| 21 | likely | likely | ADV | _ | 23 encouraged | advmod |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 encouraged | aux:pass |
| 23 | encouraged | encourage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 applied | conj |
| 24 | thereby | thereby | ADV | _ | 23 encouraged | advmod |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 continue | mark |
| 26 | continue | continue | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 encouraged | advcl |
| 27 | asking | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 continue | xcomp |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 more | case |
| 29 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 27 asking | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 applied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | apply | present · passive | this saying | as a warning | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not give | to-infinitive | anything | a importunate person | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent anything=Theme to person=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | encourage | would · passive | saying | likely, thereby property | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | continue | to-infinitive | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 5 | ask speech: ask | gerund | for more | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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