Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 200
This is a saying of any one who goes away promising to return, and does not do so.
Who acts: This, one · What happens: be, go away, promise, return, not do · To what, where: saying
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 saying | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 saying | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 saying | det |
| 4 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 one | case |
| 6 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 one | det |
| 7 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 saying | nmod |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 goes | nsubj |
| 9 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 one | acl:relcl |
| 10 | away | away | ADV | _ | 9 goes | advmod |
| 11 | promising | promise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 goes | advcl |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 return | mark |
| 13 | return | return | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 promising | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 do | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 do | cc |
| 16 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 do | aux |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 do | advmod |
| 18 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 saying | parataxis |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 do | advmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 saying | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | This | a saying | of any one | tree rules | |||
| 2 | go away | present | any one | away property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | promise speech: promise | gerund | any one not said here | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | return not said to happen | to-infinitive | any one not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | not do | present · do-support | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/200/