Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 207
Guluwe offered them a large quantity of dacha (a species of wild hemp, used for smoking) for his ransom.
Who acts: Guluwe · What happens: offer, use, ransom · To what, where: large quantity, weapons, species
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Guluwe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Guluwe | Guluwe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 offered | nsubj |
| 2 | offered | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 offered | iobj |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 quantity | det |
| 5 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 quantity | amod |
| 6 | quantity | quantity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 offered | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 dacha | case |
| 8 | dacha | dacha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 quantity | nmod |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 11 species | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 species | det |
| 11 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 dacha | appos |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 hemp | case |
| 13 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 hemp | amod |
| 14 | hemp | hemp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 species | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 used | punct |
| 16 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 species | acl |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 smoking | case |
| 18 | smoking | smoking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 used | obl |
| 19 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 11 species | punct |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 ransom | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 ransom | nmod:poss |
| 22 | ransom | ransom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 offered | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 offered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | offer | past | Guluwe | a large quantity of dacha | weapons = weapon | for Guluwe's ransom | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent they=Goal quantity=Theme | ||
| 2 | use | participle | a species of wild hemp not said here | for smoking | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | ransom | Guluwe | nom ransom «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/207/