Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 38
It is said that when a monkey is caught in a trap he cries, but that tears come out of one eye only.
Who acts: monkey, tears · What happens: say, catch, cry, come out · To what, where: warning, monkey, trap, one eye · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkey, tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | aux:pass |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 caught | mark |
| 5 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 9 caught | mark |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 monkey | det |
| 7 | monkey | monkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 caught | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 caught | aux:pass |
| 9 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 said | ccomp |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 trap | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 trap | det |
| 12 | trap | trap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 caught | obl |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 cries | nsubj |
| 14 | cries | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 trap | acl:relcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 come | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 come | cc |
| 17 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 tears | det |
| 18 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 come | nsubj |
| 19 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | conj |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 23 eye | case |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 eye | case |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 eye | nummod |
| 23 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 come | obl |
| 24 | only | only | ADV | _ | 19 come | advmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · passive | warning | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | catch | present · passive | a monkey | a trap | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cry speech: express | present | monkey | a trap not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trap=Topic | ||||
| 4 | come out | present | that tears | one eye | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient eye=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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