Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., sentence 25
It is made by raising a ring on the hard and smooth ant-heap floor.
What happens: make, raise · To what, where: h, ring, hard ant heap floor
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 made | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | aux:pass |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 5 raising | mark |
| 5 | raising | raise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 made | advcl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 ring | det |
| 7 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 raising | obj |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 floor | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 floor | det |
| 10 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 floor | amod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 smooth | cc |
| 12 | smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 hard | conj |
| 13 | ant | ant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 floor | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 ant | punct |
| 15 | heap | heap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 floor | compound |
| 16 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 raising | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | h | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 2 | raise | gerund | a ring | the hard ant heap floor | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ring=Theme on floor=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/27/25/