Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 22
They cannot trace any relationship with each other, but wherever they are found they have ceremonies peculiar to themselves.
Who acts: tribes · What happens: not trace, find, have · To what, where: relationship, tribes, ceremonies
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 trace | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 trace | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 trace | advmod |
| 4 | trace | trace | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 6 relationship | det |
| 6 | relationship | relationship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 trace | obj |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 each | case |
| 8 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 4 trace | obl |
| 9 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 each | fixed |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 have | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 have | cc |
| 12 | wherever | wherever | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 found | advmod |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 found | nsubj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 found | aux:pass |
| 15 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 have | advcl |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 have | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 trace | parataxis |
| 18 | ceremonies | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 have | obj |
| 19 | peculiar | peculiar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 have | obj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 themselves | case |
| 21 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 17 have | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 trace | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not trace | can | tribes = tribe | any relationship | with each | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relationship=Theme | |||
| 2 | find | present · passive | tribes = tribe | wherever property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 3 | have | present | tribes = tribe | ceremonies | tribes = tribe | peculiar obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/22/