Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 32
The bridal party takes with it a cow, given by the bride’s father or guardian to confer fortune upon her, and hence called the Inqakwe.
Who acts: bridal party · What happens: take, give, confer, call · To what, where: cow, fortune · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bridal party), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 party | det |
| 2 | bridal | bridal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 party | amod |
| 3 | party | party | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 takes | nsubj |
| 4 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 it | case |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 takes | obl |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 cow | det |
| 8 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 takes | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 given | punct |
| 10 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 cow | acl |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 father | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bride | det |
| 13 | bride | bride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 father | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 13 bride | case |
| 15 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 given | obl |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 guardian | cc |
| 17 | guardian | guardian | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 father | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 confer | mark |
| 19 | confer | confer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 guardian | acl |
| 20 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 confer | obj |
| 21 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 22 her | case |
| 22 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 confer | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 called | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 called | cc |
| 25 | hence | hence | ADV | _ | 26 called | advmod |
| 26 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 takes | parataxis |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Inqakwe | det |
| 28 | Inqakwe | Inqakwe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 called | xcomp |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 takes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present | the bridal party | a cow | with arrangement | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument cow=Destination | |||
| 2 | give | participle | a cow not said here | by the bride's father or guardian | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | confer | to-infinitive | fortune | upon party | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | call | participle | the Inqakwe xcomp; hence property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/32/