Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 36
The bridegroom’s friends then send messengers to invite the people of the neighbourhood to the feast, and as soon as these arrive the dancing commences.
Who acts: friends, dancing · What happens: send, invite, arrive, commence · To what, where: messengers, people
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friends, dancing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bridegroom | det |
| 2 | bridegroom | bridegroom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 friends | nmod:poss |
| 3 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 2 bridegroom | case |
| 4 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 send | nsubj |
| 5 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 send | advmod |
| 6 | send | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 send | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 invite | mark |
| 9 | invite | invite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 send | advcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 people | det |
| 11 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 invite | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 neighbourhood | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 neighbourhood | det |
| 14 | neighbourhood | neighbourhood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 people | nmod |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 feast | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 feast | det |
| 17 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 neighbourhood | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 arrive | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 arrive | cc |
| 20 | as | as | ADV | _ | 21 soon | advmod |
| 21 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 arrive | advmod |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 these | case |
| 23 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 arrive | obl |
| 24 | arrive | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 send | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 dancing | det |
| 26 | dancing | dancing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 commences | nsubj |
| 27 | commences | commence | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 arrive | acl:relcl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 send | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | present | the bridegroom's friends | messengers | then | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | |||
| 2 | invite | to-infinitive | the bridegroom's friends not said here | the people of the neighbourhood to the feast | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | arrive | present | the bridegroom's friends not said here | as these; soon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | commence | present | the dancing | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/36/