Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 45

When all are ready, a man who has been selected for the purpose commences to sing, the others immediately join in, and at a certain note the whole of the men rise together from the ground.

Who acts: all, man, others · What happens: be, select, commence, sing, join in, rise · To what, where: man, certain note

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, man, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	4 ready	advmod
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 ready	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 ready	cop
4	ready	ready	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 commences	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 man	det
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 commences	nsubj
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 selected	nsubj:pass
9	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 selected	aux
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 selected	aux:pass
11	selected	select	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 man	acl:relcl
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 purpose	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 purpose	det
14	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 selected	obl
15	commences	commence	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 ready	parataxis
16	to	to	PART	_	17 sing	mark
17	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 commences	xcomp
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 join	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 others	det
20	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 join	nsubj
21	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	22 join	advmod
22	join	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 commences	conj
23	in	in	ADP	_	22 join	compound:prt
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 rise	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 rise	cc
26	at	at	ADP	_	29 note	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 note	det
28	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 note	amod
29	note	note	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 rise	obl
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 whole	det
31	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 rise	advcl
32	of	of	ADP	_	34 men	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 men	det
34	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 whole	obl
35	rise	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 ready	parataxis
36	together	together	ADV	_	35 rise	advmod
37	from	from	ADP	_	39 ground	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 ground	det
39	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 rise	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 ready	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	all			ready property	tree rules
2	select	present · perfect · passive		a man		for the purpose	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	commence	present	a man				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	sing speech: express	to-infinitive	a man not said here				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	join in	present	the others			immediately property	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
6	rise	present			a certain note	from the ground; together property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at note=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/45/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 45

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 45