Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Tangalimlibo., sentence 66
They are wiser than other people, and from them the most skilful witchfinders are supposed to obtain a portion of the knowledge of their art.
Who acts: people · What happens: be, suppose, obtain · To what, where: skilful witchfinders, portion
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Tangalimlibo.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 wiser | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 wiser | cop |
| 3 | wiser | wise | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | than | than | ADP | _ | 6 people | case |
| 5 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 people | amod |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 wiser | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 supposed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 supposed | cc |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 them | case |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 supposed | obl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 witchfinders | det |
| 12 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 13 skilful | advmod |
| 13 | skilful | skilful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 witchfinders | amod |
| 14 | witchfinders | witchfinder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 supposed | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 supposed | aux:pass |
| 16 | supposed | suppose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 wiser | advcl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 obtain | mark |
| 18 | obtain | obtain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 supposed | xcomp |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 portion | det |
| 20 | portion | portion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 obtain | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 knowledge | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 knowledge | det |
| 23 | knowledge | knowledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 portion | nmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 art | case |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 art | nmod:poss |
| 26 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 knowledge | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 wiser | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | people | than other people; wise property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | suppose | present · passive | the skilful witchfinders | from people | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | obtain | to-infinitive | a portion of the knowledge of people's art | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset portion=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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