Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk. I., sentence 15
In the evening she went home and told that she had found the grass which she had cut growing just as it was before.
Who acts: woman, grass · What happens: go, tell, find, cut, grow, be · To what, where: grass · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk. I.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, grass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 evening | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 evening | det |
| 3 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl |
| 4 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 went | nsubj |
| 5 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | home | home | ADV | _ | 5 went | advmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 told | cc |
| 8 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | conj |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 found | mark |
| 10 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 found | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 found | aux |
| 12 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 told | ccomp |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 grass | det |
| 14 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 found | obj |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 cut | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 cut | aux |
| 18 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 grass | acl:relcl |
| 19 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 cut | xcomp |
| 20 | just | just | ADV | _ | 24 before | advmod |
| 21 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 before | mark |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 before | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 before | cop |
| 24 | before | before | ADV | _ | 19 growing | advmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | woman | evening | home property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | woman not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | find | past · perfect | woman | the grass | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Topic | ||||
| 4 | cut | past · perfect · passive | the grass | woman nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | grow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | is | past | grass | before property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/3/15/