Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 28
More cattle are slaughtered for the “indwe,” and then dancing is renewed, after which the girl drinks milk for the first time since the day when she was concealed in the house.
Who acts: dancing, girl · What happens: slaughter, dance, renew, drink, conceal · To what, where: More cattle, milk, girl, house
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dancing, girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | More | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 2 cattle | amod |
| 2 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 slaughtered | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 slaughtered | aux:pass |
| 4 | slaughtered | slaughter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 indwe | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 indwe | det |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 indwe | punct |
| 8 | indwe | indwe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 slaughtered | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 slaughtered | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 slaughtered | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 renewed | cc |
| 12 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 dancing | advmod |
| 13 | dancing | dance | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 renewed | csubj:pass |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 renewed | aux:pass |
| 15 | renewed | renew | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 slaughtered | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 drinks | punct |
| 17 | after | after | ADP | _ | 18 which | case |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 drinks | obl |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 girl | det |
| 20 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 drinks | nsubj |
| 21 | drinks | drink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 renewed | conj |
| 22 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 drinks | obj |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 time | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 time | det |
| 25 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 26 time | amod |
| 26 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 drinks | obl |
| 27 | since | since | ADP | _ | 29 day | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 day | det |
| 29 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 drinks | obl |
| 30 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 33 concealed | advmod |
| 31 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 concealed | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 concealed | aux:pass |
| 33 | concealed | conceal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 day | acl:relcl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 house | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 house | det |
| 36 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 concealed | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 slaughtered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slaughter | present · passive | More cattle | for the indwe | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | dance | gerund | then | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | renew | present · passive | dancing | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» | |||||
| 4 | drink | present | the girl | milk | day; time | which obl | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Patient | ||
| 5 | conceal | past · passive | girl | the house | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient in house=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/30/28/