Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 9
The first party that arrives halts in front of the cattle kraal, where it is joined by those that come after.
Who acts: first party, those · What happens: arrive, join, come · To what, where: halts, front, kraal, first party
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first party, those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 party | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 party | amod |
| 3 | party | party | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 arrives | nsubj |
| 5 | arrives | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 party | acl:relcl |
| 6 | halts | halt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 arrives | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 front | case |
| 8 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 arrives | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 kraal | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 kraal | det |
| 11 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 kraal | compound |
| 12 | kraal | kraal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 front | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 joined | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 17 joined | advmod |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 joined | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 joined | aux:pass |
| 17 | joined | join | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 arrives | conj |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 those | case |
| 19 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 joined | obl |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 come | nsubj |
| 21 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 those | acl:relcl |
| 22 | after | after | ADV | _ | 21 come | advmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 party | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrive | present | the first party | halts | front of the cattle kraal | tree rules | |||
| 2 | join | present · passive | those | kraal | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | come | present | after property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/30/9/