Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 25
As many blades of grass as there are boys are taken, and a knot is made on the end of one of them.
What happens: take, make · To what, where: boys, knot, end
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 3 blades | case |
| 2 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 blades | amod |
| 3 | blades | blade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 taken | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 grass | case |
| 5 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 blades | nmod |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 8 are | mark |
| 7 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 are | expl |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 taken | aux:pass |
| 9 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 taken | aux:pass |
| 11 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 made | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 made | cc |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 knot | det |
| 15 | knot | knot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 made | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 made | aux:pass |
| 17 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 taken | conj |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 end | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 end | det |
| 20 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 made | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 one | case |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 end | nmod |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 them | case |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 one | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 taken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present · passive | boys | as many blades of grass | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as blade=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | make | present · passive | a knot | on the end of one of boys | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/32/25/