Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Long Snake., sentence 5
When several are working near each other of an evening, they usually lighten their labours by a rude chant.
Who acts: women · What happens: work, lighten · To what, where: each, labours
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Long Snake.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 working | mark |
| 2 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 working | amod |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 working | aux |
| 4 | working | work | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 lighten | advcl |
| 5 | near | near | ADP | _ | 6 each | case |
| 6 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 4 working | obl |
| 7 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 each | fixed |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 evening | case |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 evening | det |
| 10 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 other | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 working | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 lighten | nsubj |
| 13 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 14 lighten | advmod |
| 14 | lighten | lighten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 labours | nmod:poss |
| 16 | labours | labour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 lighten | obj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 chant | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 chant | det |
| 19 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 chant | amod |
| 20 | chant | chant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lighten | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 lighten | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | work | present · progressive | women = woman not said here | each | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | lighten | present | women = woman | women's labours | by a rude chant; usually property | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent labour=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/37/5/