Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II., sentence 1
The following is another version of this story of the Bird that made Milk, as current among the Barolongs, a tribe speaking the Sechuana language, and residing beyond the Orange River.
Who acts: Bird, tribe · What happens: follow, be, make, speak, reside · To what, where: Milk, Sechuana language, Orange River · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bird, tribe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 version | det |
| 2 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 version | case |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 version | cop |
| 4 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 version | det |
| 5 | version | version | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 story | case |
| 7 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 story | det |
| 8 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 version | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Bird | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Bird | det |
| 11 | Bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 story | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 made | nsubj |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 Bird | acl:relcl |
| 14 | Milk | Milk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 made | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 current | punct |
| 16 | as | as | ADP | _ | 17 current | case |
| 17 | current | current | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 version | conj |
| 18 | among | among | ADP | _ | 20 Barolongs | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Barolongs | det |
| 20 | Barolongs | Barolongs | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 current | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 tribe | punct |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 tribe | det |
| 23 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Barolongs | appos |
| 24 | speaking | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 tribe | acl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 language | det |
| 26 | Sechuana | Sechuana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 language | compound |
| 27 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 speaking | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 residing | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 residing | cc |
| 30 | residing | reside | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 speaking | conj |
| 31 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 34 River | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 River | det |
| 33 | Orange | Orange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 River | compound |
| 34 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 residing | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 version | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | is | present | follow the version; of this story of the Bird | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | make | past | the Bird | Milk | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset milk=Product | ||||
| 4 | be | among the Barolongs | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | speak speech: other | gerund | a tribe not said here | the Sechuana language | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | reside | gerund | a tribe not said here | the Orange River | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beyond river=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/4/1/