Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 38
You will meet with trees that will laugh at you: you must not laugh in return.
Who acts: You, trees · What happens: meet, laugh, not laugh
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 meet | nsubj |
| 2 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 meet | aux |
| 3 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 trees | case |
| 5 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 meet | obl |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 laugh | nsubj |
| 7 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 laugh | aux |
| 8 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 trees | acl:relcl |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 you | case |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 laugh | obl |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 laugh | punct |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 laugh | nsubj |
| 13 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 laugh | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 laugh | advmod |
| 15 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 meet | conj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 return | case |
| 17 | return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 laugh | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 meet | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | meet | future | You | with trees | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with tree=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | laugh | future | trees | at you | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | not laugh | must | you | in return | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in return=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/5/38/