Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 82
You must take the little one, because if you take the big one you will not be fortunate.”
Who acts: You · What happens: take, not be · To what, where: little one, big one
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 take | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 take | aux |
| 3 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 one | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 one | amod |
| 6 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 take | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 take | punct |
| 8 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 11 take | mark |
| 9 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 because | fixed |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 take | nsubj |
| 11 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 take | parataxis |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 one | det |
| 13 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 one | amod |
| 14 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 take | obj |
| 15 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 fortunate | nsubj |
| 16 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 fortunate | aux |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 fortunate | advmod |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 fortunate | cop |
| 19 | fortunate | fortunate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 one | acl:relcl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 take | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | must | You | the little one | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | present | you | the big one | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not is | future | you | the big one not said here | fortunate property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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