Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Tangalimlibo., sentence 133
He flew up on the back of the kraal to rest himself, and the men saw him.
Who acts: cock, men · What happens: fly up, rest, see · To what, where: back, cock
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Tangalimlibo.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cock, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 flew | nsubj |
| 2 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 flew | compound:prt |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 back | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 back | det |
| 6 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 flew | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 kraal | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 kraal | det |
| 9 | kraal | kraal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 back | nmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 rest | mark |
| 11 | rest | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 flew | advcl |
| 12 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 rest | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 saw | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 saw | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 men | det |
| 16 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 saw | nsubj |
| 17 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 flew | conj |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 saw | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 flew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly up | past | cock | the back of the kraal | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent on back=Location | ||||
| 2 | rest | to-infinitive | cock not said here | cock | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location himself=Theme | ||||
| 3 | see | past | the men | cock | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/6/133/