Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 10
The companions of the chief’s daughter, one after the other, asked the snake for their mantles in this manner, and obtained permission to take them.
Who acts: companions · What happens: ask, obtain, take · To what, where: snake, permission, companions
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 companions | det |
| 2 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 daughter | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 chief | det |
| 5 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 chief | case |
| 7 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 companions | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 one | punct |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 companions | conj |
| 10 | after | after | ADP | _ | 12 other | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 other | det |
| 12 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 one | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 companions | punct |
| 14 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 snake | det |
| 16 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 asked | obj |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 mantles | case |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 mantles | nmod:poss |
| 19 | mantles | mantle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 snake | nmod |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 manner | case |
| 21 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 manner | det |
| 22 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 mantles | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 obtained | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 obtained | cc |
| 25 | obtained | obtain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 asked | conj |
| 26 | permission | permission | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 obtained | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 take | mark |
| 28 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 obtained | advcl |
| 29 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 take | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the companions of the chief's daughter | the snake | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent snake=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | obtain | past | the companions of the chief's daughter not said here | permission | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset permission=Theme | ||||
| 3 | take | to-infinitive | the companions of the chief's daughter not said here | companions = companion | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/7/10/