Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., sentence 60
After that there was a heavy storm of rain, but none fell where the little boy was.
Who acts: that, none, little boy · What happens: be, fall · To what, where: heavy storm
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, none, little boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 2 that | case |
| 2 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 storm | nsubj |
| 3 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 that | expl |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 storm | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 storm | det |
| 6 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 storm | amod |
| 7 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 rain | case |
| 9 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 storm | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 fell | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 fell | cc |
| 12 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 13 fell | nsubj |
| 13 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 storm | conj |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 13 fell | obl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 boy | det |
| 16 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 boy | amod |
| 17 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 where | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 where | cop |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 storm | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | that there | a heavy storm | of rain | tree rules | |||
| 2 | fall | past | none | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | past | the little boy | where property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/8/60/