Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 118
The mouse then said: “As it is so, you must kill me and throw my skin up in the air.”
Who acts: mouse, water, you · What happens: say, be, kill, throw up · To what, where: mouse, skin, air · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mouse, water, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mouse | det |
| 2 | mouse | mouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 said | advmod |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 kill | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 kill | punct |
| 7 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 so | mark |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 so | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 so | cop |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 kill | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 so | punct |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 kill | nsubj |
| 13 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 kill | aux |
| 14 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 15 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 kill | obj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 throw | cc |
| 17 | throw | throw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 kill | conj |
| 18 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 skin | nmod:poss |
| 19 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 throw | obj |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 17 throw | compound:prt |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 air | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 air | det |
| 23 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 throw | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 kill | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 kill | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the mouse | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | water | so property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | kill in a quote | must | you | the mouse = mouse | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | ||||
| 4 | throw up in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | my skin | the air | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/9/118/