Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 134
Then he was burned, and became a little coal.
What happens: burn, become · To what, where: chief, little coal
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 burned | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 burned | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 burned | aux:pass |
| 4 | burned | burn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 burned | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 became | cc |
| 7 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 burned | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 coal | det |
| 9 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 coal | amod |
| 10 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 became | xcomp |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 burned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | burn | past · passive | chief | then | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | become | past | a little coal | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/9/134/