Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 24

That evening they came to a hut in which they saw a fire burning, but no one was there.

Who acts: birds, fire, one · What happens: come, see, burn, be · To what, where: hut, fire

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, fire, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 evening	det
2	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl:unmarked
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 hut	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 hut	det
7	hut	hut	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 saw	obl
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 saw	nsubj
11	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 hut	acl:relcl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 fire	det
13	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 saw	obj
14	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 fire	acl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 there	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 there	cc
17	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	18 one	det
18	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 there	nsubj
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 there	cop
20	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 came	parataxis
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	birds = bird		a hut	evening		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to hut=Initial_Location
2	see	past	birds = bird	a fire	a hut			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fire=Stimulus
3	burn	gerund	a fire not said here					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	past	no one				there property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/9/24/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 24

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 24