Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 40
The boy awakened his companions according to the plan agreed upon, so that they all heard what was said.
Who acts: boy, companions, boys · What happens: awaken, accord, agree, hear, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, companions, boys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 awakened | nsubj |
| 3 | awakened | awaken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 companions | nmod:poss |
| 5 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 agreed | nsubj |
| 6 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 plan | case |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 according | fixed |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 plan | det |
| 9 | plan | plan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 agreed | obl |
| 10 | agreed | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 awakened | ccomp |
| 11 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 10 agreed | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 heard | punct |
| 13 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 17 heard | mark |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 so | fixed |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 heard | nsubj |
| 16 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 heard | advmod |
| 17 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 agreed | conj |
| 18 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 20 said | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 said | aux:pass |
| 20 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 heard | ccomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 awakened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | awaken | past | the boy | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | agree speech: agree | past | thing's companions | accord the plan | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | hear | past | boys = boy | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past · passive | what nsubj:pass | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/9/40/