Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 45
My father commanded that I must not see his face again unless I bring the bird.”
Who acts: father, I · What happens: command, not see, bring · To what, where: face, bird · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 father | nmod:poss |
| 2 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 commanded | nsubj |
| 3 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 see | mark |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 see | nsubj |
| 6 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 see | aux |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 see | advmod |
| 8 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 commanded | ccomp |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 face | nmod:poss |
| 10 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 see | obj |
| 11 | again | again | ADV | _ | 8 see | advmod |
| 12 | unless | unless | SCONJ | _ | 14 bring | mark |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 bring | nsubj |
| 14 | bring | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 see | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bird | det |
| 16 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 bring | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 commanded | punct |
| 18 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | My father | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not see | must | I | father's face | again | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | bring a condition, not said to happen | present | I | the bird | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument bird=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/9/45/