The Green Fairy Book, Heart of Ice, part 3, sentence 73
It is needless to say that he left the country as fast as horses could carry him, but not before he had declared war, with the most terrible menaces, threatening to devastate the country with fire and sword.
Who acts: It, Ambassador, horses · What happens: be, say, leave, carry, declare, threaten · To what, where: country, Ambassador, war · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Heart of Ice, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, Ambassador, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 needless | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 needless | cop |
| 3 | needless | needless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 say | mark |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 needless | csubj |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 left | mark |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 left | nsubj |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 say | ccomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 country | det |
| 10 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 left | obj |
| 11 | as | as | ADV | _ | 12 fast | advmod |
| 12 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 left | advmod |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 16 carry | mark |
| 14 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 carry | nsubj |
| 15 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 carry | aux |
| 16 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 fast | advcl |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 carry | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 declared | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 24 declared | cc |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 before | advmod |
| 21 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 24 declared | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 declared | nsubj |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 declared | aux |
| 24 | declared | declare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 needless | conj |
| 25 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 declared | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 menaces | punct |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 menaces | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 menaces | det |
| 29 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 30 terrible | advmod |
| 30 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 menaces | amod |
| 31 | menaces | menace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 declared | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 threatening | punct |
| 33 | threatening | threaten | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 declared | advcl |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 devastate | mark |
| 35 | devastate | devastate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 threatening | xcomp |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 country | det |
| 37 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 devastate | obj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 fire | case |
| 39 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 devastate | obl |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 sword | cc |
| 41 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 fire | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 needless | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | needless property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | leave | past | Ambassador | the country | fast property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Theme | |||
| 4 | carry | could | horses | Ambassador | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 5 | declare speech: other | past · perfect | Ambassador | war | with the terrible menaces | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||
| 6 | threaten | gerund | Ambassador not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | devastate not said to happen | to-infinitive | Ambassador not said here | the country | with fire and sword | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent country=Patient with fire=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/16/73/