The Green Fairy Book, Heart of Ice, part 4, sentence 4
All the army of Farda-Kinbras could do, being so heavily outnumbered, was to act upon the defensive, and before long Mannikin won the esteem of the officers for his ability, and of the soldiers for his courage, and care for their welfare, and in all the skirmishes which he conducted he had the good fortune to vanquish the enemy.
Who acts: army, skirmishes, Mannikin · What happens: do, outnumber, be, win, care, conduct · To what, where: skirmishes, esteem, good fortune, enemy, officers
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Heart of Ice, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (army, skirmishes, Mannikin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 army | det:predet |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 army | det |
| 3 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 do | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Farda | case |
| 5 | Farda | Farda | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 army | nmod |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 Kinbras | punct |
| 7 | Kinbras | Kinbras | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Farda | conj |
| 8 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 do | aux |
| 9 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 outnumbered | punct |
| 11 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 outnumbered | aux:pass |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 outnumbered | advmod |
| 13 | heavily | heavily | ADV | _ | 14 outnumbered | advmod |
| 14 | outnumbered | outnumber | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 do | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 act | punct |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 act | cop |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 act | mark |
| 18 | act | act | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 do | advcl |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 21 defensive | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 defensive | det |
| 21 | defensive | defensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 act | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 won | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 won | cc |
| 24 | before | before | ADP | _ | 26 Mannikin | case |
| 25 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 Mannikin | amod |
| 26 | Mannikin | Mannikin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 won | obl |
| 27 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 do | parataxis |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 esteem | det |
| 29 | esteem | esteem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 won | obj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 officers | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 officers | det |
| 32 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 esteem | nmod |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 ability | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 ability | nmod:poss |
| 35 | ability | ability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 won | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 soldiers | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 soldiers | cc |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 soldiers | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 soldiers | det |
| 40 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 do | conj |
| 41 | for | for | ADP | _ | 43 courage | case |
| 42 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 courage | nmod:poss |
| 43 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 soldiers | nmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 care | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 care | cc |
| 46 | care | care | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 9 do | parataxis |
| 47 | for | for | ADP | _ | 49 welfare | case |
| 48 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 welfare | nmod:poss |
| 49 | welfare | welfare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 care | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 skirmishes | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 skirmishes | cc |
| 52 | in | in | ADP | _ | 55 skirmishes | case |
| 53 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 55 skirmishes | det:predet |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 skirmishes | det |
| 55 | skirmishes | skirmish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 do | obl |
| 56 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 58 conducted | nsubj |
| 57 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 conducted | nsubj |
| 58 | conducted | conduct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 55 skirmishes | acl:relcl |
| 59 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 had | nsubj |
| 60 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 conducted | ccomp |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 fortune | det |
| 62 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 63 fortune | amod |
| 63 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 had | obj |
| 64 | to | to | PART | _ | 65 vanquish | mark |
| 65 | vanquish | vanquish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 63 fortune | acl |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 enemy | det |
| 67 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 vanquish | obj |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 do | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | could | all army of Farda and Kinbras | all skirmishes | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | outnumber | gerund · passive | all army of Farda and Kinbras not said here | heavily property | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 3 | is | past | all army of Farda and Kinbras not said here | upon the defensive; act property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | win | past | the esteem of the officers | before long Mannikin | for Mannikin's ability | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent esteem=Theme for ability=Beneficiary | |||
| 5 | care | infinitive | for officers's welfare | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for welfare=Theme | |||||
| 6 | conduct | past | all skirmishes | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | have | past | Mannikin | the good fortune | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fortune=Patient | ||||
| 8 | vanquish | to-infinitive | Mannikin not said here | the enemy | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | esteem | the officers | nom esteem «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/17/4/