The Green Fairy Book, Jack My Hedgehog, sentence 31
The creature, said he, rode on a cock as though it had been a horse, and it made lovely music, but as it certainly could not read he had just written that he would _not_ give it anything at all.
Who acts: creature, King · What happens: say, ride, be, make, not read, write · To what, where: horse, lovely music, creature · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jack My Hedgehog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (creature, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 creature | det |
| 2 | creature | creature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 creature | punct |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 rode | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 rode | punct |
| 7 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | ccomp |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 cock | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 cock | det |
| 10 | cock | cock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rode | obl |
| 11 | as | as | ADV | _ | 7 rode | advmod |
| 12 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 17 horse | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 horse | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 horse | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 horse | cop |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 horse | det |
| 17 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rode | advcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 made | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 made | cc |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 made | nsubj |
| 21 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | parataxis |
| 22 | lovely | lovely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 music | amod |
| 23 | music | music | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 made | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 written | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 written | cc |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 31 read | mark |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 read | nsubj |
| 28 | certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 31 read | advmod |
| 29 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 read | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 read | advmod |
| 31 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 written | advcl |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 written | nsubj |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 written | aux |
| 34 | just | just | ADV | _ | 35 written | advmod |
| 35 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 made | conj |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 _ | mark |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 _ | nsubj |
| 38 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 _ | aux |
| 39 | _ | _ | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 written | advcl |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 _ | advmod |
| 41 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 give | punct |
| 42 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 _ | ccomp |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 give | obj |
| 44 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 42 give | obj |
| 45 | at | at | ADP | _ | 46 all | case |
| 46 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 44 anything | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the creature | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | ride | past | King | on a cock | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is a | past · perfect | creature | a horse | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | make | past | creature | lovely music | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material music=Product | ||||
| 5 | not read | could | creature | certainly property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | write | past · perfect | King | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | not _ | would | King | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | give | infinitive | King not said here | creature | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient anything=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/48/31/