Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 50
“Perhaps the people of northern China came from the Indian race in America,” said the Indian.
Who acts: people · What happens: come, say · To what, where: Indian race, Indian · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 came | punct |
| 2 | Perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 8 came | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 people | det |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 came | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 China | case |
| 6 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 China | amod |
| 7 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 people | nmod |
| 8 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 said | advcl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 race | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 race | det |
| 11 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 race | amod |
| 12 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 came | obl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 America | case |
| 14 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 race | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 came | punct |
| 16 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 came | punct |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Indian | det |
| 19 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 said | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come in a quote | past | the people of northern China | the Indian race in America | perhaps property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from race=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the Indian | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent indian=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/50/