Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 52
There are many proofs that the mound-builders, the Aztec, and the Indian have made this part of the world their home for ages, when it was unknown and unthought of in the wildest dreams of seamen or of kings.
Who acts: many proofs, home · What happens: be, make, unthought, dream · To what, where: mound builders, seamen
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many proofs, home), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 are | expl |
| 2 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 proofs | amod |
| 4 | proofs | proof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 are | nsubj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 made | obj |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 builders | det |
| 7 | mound | mound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 builders | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 mound | punct |
| 9 | builders | builder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 made | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Aztec | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Aztec | det |
| 12 | Aztec | Aztec | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 builders | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 made | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 made | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Indian | det |
| 16 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 made | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 made | aux |
| 18 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 proofs | acl:relcl |
| 19 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 part | det |
| 20 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 world | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 world | det |
| 23 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 part | nmod |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 home | nmod:poss |
| 25 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | obj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 ages | case |
| 27 | ages | age | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 made | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 unknown | punct |
| 29 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 32 unknown | mark |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 unknown | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 unknown | cop |
| 32 | unknown | unknown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 ages | conj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 unthought | cc |
| 34 | unthought | unthought | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 unknown | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 dreams | case |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 dreams | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 dreams | det |
| 38 | wildest | wild | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 39 dreams | amod |
| 39 | dreams | dream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 unthought | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 seamen | case |
| 41 | seamen | seaman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 dreams | nmod |
| 42 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 44 kings | cc |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 kings | case |
| 44 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 seamen | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 are | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | many proofs | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present · perfect · passive | the mound builders the Aztec | for ages | many proofs obj; this part of the world obj; builders's home obj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | is | past | home | unknown property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | unthought | participle | home not said here | of the wildest dreams of seamen or kings | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | dream | seamen or kings | nom dream «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/52/