Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 54

Now the wild buffalo is gone from the plains forever; the red deer, elk, moose, and bear hide away in the northern forests; the Indian’s hope for a long future for his nation is lost.

Who acts: wild buffalo, red deer · What happens: be, hide away, lose · To what, where: plains, northern forests, hope

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild buffalo, red deer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 gone	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 buffalo	det
3	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 buffalo	amod
4	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gone	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 gone	cop
6	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 plains	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 plains	det
9	plains	plain	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 gone	obl
10	forever	forever	ADV	_	6 gone	advmod
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 deer	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 deer	det
13	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 deer	amod
14	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 hide	nsubj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 elk	punct
16	elk	elk	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 deer	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 moose	punct
18	moose	moose	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 deer	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 hide	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 hide	cc
21	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 hide	nsubj
22	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 gone	parataxis
23	away	away	ADV	_	22 hide	advmod
24	in	in	ADP	_	27 forests	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 forests	det
26	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 forests	amod
27	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 hide	obl
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 hope	punct
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 Indian	det
30	Indian	Indian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 hope	nmod:poss
31	’s	's	PART	_	30 Indian	case
32	hope	hope	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 lost	nsubj:pass
33	for	for	ADP	_	36 future	case
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 future	det
35	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 future	amod
36	future	future	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 hope	nmod
37	for	for	ADP	_	39 nation	case
38	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 nation	nmod:poss
39	nation	nation	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 future	nmod
40	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 lost	aux:pass
41	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 gone	conj
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 gone	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the wild buffalo		the plains	now	forever, go property	tree rules
2	hide away	present	the red deer and elk and moose		the northern forests		bear nsubj; away property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in forest=Location
3	lose	present · passive		the Indian's hope for a long future for bear's nation				vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/54/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 54

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 54