Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian At Home, sentence 28
Indian ponies know what little food and what no food mean.
Who acts: Indian ponies, little food · What happens: know, food, mean · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indian ponies, little food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 ponies | amod |
| 2 | ponies | pony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 know | nsubj |
| 3 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 11 mean | obj |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 food | amod |
| 6 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 mean | nsubj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 food | cc |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 food | nsubj |
| 9 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 10 food | det |
| 10 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 food | conj |
| 11 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 know | ccomp |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present | Indian ponies | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | food | little food and no food | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | mean | present | little food and no food | what obj | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/28/