Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names, sentence 18
Where two or more animals are pictured on one pole it shows the marriage or other union of different bands to which the family belongs.
Who acts: it, family · What happens: picture, show, belong · To what, where: two animals, one pole, marriage
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, family), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 7 pictured | advmod |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 animals | nummod |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 more | cc |
| 4 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 2 two | conj |
| 5 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pictured | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 pictured | aux:pass |
| 7 | pictured | picture | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 shows | advcl |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 pole | case |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 pole | nummod |
| 10 | pole | pole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pictured | obl |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 shows | nsubj |
| 12 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 marriage | det |
| 14 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 shows | obj |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 union | cc |
| 16 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 union | amod |
| 17 | union | union | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 marriage | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 bands | case |
| 19 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 bands | amod |
| 20 | bands | band | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 union | nmod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 which | case |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 belongs | obl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 family | det |
| 24 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 belongs | nsubj |
| 25 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 bands | acl:relcl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 shows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | picture | present · passive | two animals | one pole | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | show | present | it | the marriage or other union of different bands | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent marriage=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | belong | present | the family | to different bands | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/14/18/