Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names, sentence 34
Perhaps the paleface might be startled if he understood the name they gave him.
Who acts: person, names · What happens: startle, understand, give · To what, where: paleface, name, person
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person, names), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 6 startled | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 paleface | det |
| 3 | paleface | paleface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 startled | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 startled | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 startled | aux:pass |
| 6 | startled | startle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 9 understood | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 understood | nsubj |
| 9 | understood | understand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 startled | advcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 name | det |
| 11 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 understood | obj |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 gave | nsubj |
| 13 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 name | acl:relcl |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 gave | iobj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 startled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | startle | might · passive | the paleface | perhaps property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | understand a condition, not said to happen | past | person | the name | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer name=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | give | past | names = name | the name not said here | person | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/14/34/