Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian Names For the Months or Moons, sentence 4
They all keep their calendar hung in the sky, and it is never lost for any length of time.
Who acts: Tribes · What happens: keep, hang, not lose · To what, where: calendar, sky
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian Names For the Months or Moons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 keep | nsubj |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 keep | advmod |
| 3 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 calendar | nmod:poss |
| 5 | calendar | calendar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 keep | obj |
| 6 | hung | hang | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 calendar | acl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 sky | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sky | det |
| 9 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hung | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 lost | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 lost | cc |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 lost | aux:pass |
| 14 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 15 lost | advmod |
| 15 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 keep | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 length | case |
| 17 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 length | det |
| 18 | length | length | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 lost | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 time | case |
| 20 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 length | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 keep | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | Tribes = tribe | Tribes's calendar | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calendar=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hang | participle | Tribes's calendar not said here | the sky | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sky=Location | ||||
| 3 | not lose | present · passive | calendar | for any length of time | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/15/4/