Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian Names For the Months or Moons, sentence 50
Two moons are given names referring to wild rice: September is the Ripe-rice Moon; October is often called the Harvest Moon.
Who acts: names, September · What happens: give, refer, be, call · To what, where: Two moons, rice Moon, October · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian Names For the Months or Moons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (names, September), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 moons | nummod |
| 2 | moons | moon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 given | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 given | aux:pass |
| 4 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 given | obj |
| 6 | referring | refer | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 names | acl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 rice | case |
| 8 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 rice | amod |
| 9 | rice | rice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 referring | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 Moon | punct |
| 11 | September | September | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Moon | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 Moon | cop |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Moon | det |
| 14 | Ripe | ripe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 rice | amod |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 Ripe | punct |
| 16 | rice | rice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 Moon | compound |
| 17 | Moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 given | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 called | punct |
| 19 | October | October | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 called | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 called | aux:pass |
| 21 | often | often | ADV | _ | 22 called | advmod |
| 22 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 given | parataxis |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Moon | det |
| 24 | Harvest | Harvest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Moon | compound |
| 25 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 called | xcomp |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | Two moons | names obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient name=Theme | ||||
| 2 | refer | gerund | names not said here | to wild rice | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to rice=Co-Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | September | the rice Moon | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | call | present · passive | October | the Harvest Moon xcomp; often property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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