Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 14
The wealthier Indians live in the lower houses, except the official whose duty it is to give the orders of the governor from the housetop.
Who acts: wealthier Indians, other · What happens: live, be, order · To what, where: lower houses, housetop, governor
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wealthier Indians, other), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Indians | det |
| 2 | wealthier | wealthy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 Indians | amod |
| 3 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 live | nsubj |
| 4 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 houses | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 houses | det |
| 7 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 houses | amod |
| 8 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 duty | punct |
| 10 | except | except | ADP | _ | 14 duty | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 duty | det |
| 12 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 duty | amod |
| 13 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 14 duty | nmod:poss |
| 14 | duty | duty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 live | parataxis |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 give | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 give | cop |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 give | mark |
| 18 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 duty | parataxis |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 orders | det |
| 20 | orders | order | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 give | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 governor | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 governor | det |
| 23 | governor | governor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 orders | nmod |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 housetop | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 housetop | det |
| 26 | housetop | housetop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 give | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 live | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | the wealthier Indians | the lower houses | the official duty parataxis | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location | |||
| 2 | is | present | other | the housetop | the orders of the governor obj; give property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | order | the governor | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/17/14/