Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Games, sentence 1
The Dakotas play their ball games in the hot moons of the summer and in the cold moons of the winter.
Who acts: Dakotas · What happens: play · To what, where: ball games, hot moons
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Games. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Dakotas | det |
| 2 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 play | nsubj |
| 3 | play | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 games | nmod:poss |
| 5 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 games | compound |
| 6 | games | game | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 play | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 moons | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 moons | det |
| 9 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 moons | amod |
| 10 | moons | moon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 play | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 summer | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 summer | det |
| 13 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 moons | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 moons | cc |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 moons | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 moons | det |
| 17 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 moons | amod |
| 18 | moons | moon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 summer | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 winter | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 winter | det |
| 21 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 moons | nmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 play | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | play | present | the Dakotas | Dakotas's ball games | the hot moons of the summer and the cold moons of the winter | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/20/1/