Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, sentence 32
The lakes near the source of the Great River abound in wild rice, which is gathered in August and stored in mokuks for winter use.
Who acts: lakes · What happens: abound, gather, store · To what, where: wild rice, mokuks
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lakes | det |
| 2 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 abound | nsubj |
| 3 | near | near | ADP | _ | 5 source | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 source | det |
| 5 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lakes | nmod |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 River | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 River | det |
| 8 | Great | Great | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 River | flat |
| 9 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 source | nmod |
| 10 | abound | abound | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 rice | case |
| 12 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 rice | amod |
| 13 | rice | rice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 abound | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 gathered | punct |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 gathered | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 gathered | aux:pass |
| 17 | gathered | gather | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 rice | acl:relcl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 August | case |
| 19 | August | August | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 gathered | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 stored | cc |
| 21 | stored | store | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 gathered | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 mokuks | case |
| 23 | mokuks | mokuk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 stored | obl |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 use | case |
| 25 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 use | compound |
| 26 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 stored | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 abound | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abound | infinitive | the lakes near the source of the Great River | wild rice | vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rice=Location | ||||
| 2 | gather | present · passive | wild rice | august | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | store | participle | mokuks | for winter use | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in mokuk=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/21/32/